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Frame Overo (Also called simply "Frame" or "Overo") is a pattern of spotting created by the "Frame" gene
Both The University of California at Davis and Animal Genetics, Inc. of Florida can test for the presence of Tobiano, Red, Frame, Creme, Silver, Sabino1, and Agouti (Bay). The test for Tobiano can determine whether or not a horse is homozygous of heterozygous (good to know if you are trying to breed for Tobiano). You can download forms for these tests from their website-- follow OR, from the Animal Genetics website | Frame Overo:
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| Overo, for registration purposes in the American Paint Horse Association Registry, includes all pinto patterns that are not clearly Tobiano: Frame, Sabino, Splashed White, Tovero, and anything else. This makes sense, in that the patterns can be hard to distinguish from one another, but their genetics are entirely separate. Lumping them together can be extremely frustrating when trying to use pedigrees to trace color genetics. Each of these patterns have their own genetics, and only Frame Overo carries with it the risk of Overo Lethal White Syndrome. In this website, each pattern is considered separately. Dr. Phil Sponenberg says this about the Frame Overo pattern:"The frame overo pattern is especially interesting, since it is almost limited to North American Colonial Spanish horses or their descendants. From that origin the color pattern has spread to other regions and breeds, but all evidence points to it being a Spanish pattern originally. Different breeders select for various of these colors and patterns, but all can be shown to have been present in the Spanish horses at the time of the conquest." | |
 Nadine Wawrzyniec's buckskin frame overo mare FRAME OVERO CHARACTERISTICS:
She was genetically tested and is Frame (LWS) positive (N/O), but negative on Sabino1 (N/N). But it could be that she has one of the as of yet unidentified Sabino genes. Her name is Spectaculare. She is registered Oldenburg. Her mom is a Medicine Hat Tovero, registered PtHA.
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Be sure to read about Overo Lethal White Syndrome if you plan to breed Frame Overo pintos! UC Davis can perform a simple hair analysis to determine if an animal carries the Frame gene (it isn't always obvious!) This is important for any breeding program, to avoid the tragedy of a Lethal White. You can download forms for this and other genetic tests from their website-- follow the links from http://www.vgl.ucdavis.edu
Click To Read Here.(However, this research is presented by the American Paint Horse Association - and they make no distinction between the 3 types of overo: Splash, Frame, and Sabino. We know that Splash and Sabino are not connected to Overo Lethal White Syndrome.)
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UC Davis says: "The gene appears to be associated with horses often characterized as "frame-overos" in Paints and Thoroughbreds, but is also present in some tobiano/overos, some solid-colored (breeding stock Paint) offspring from overo matings, some tobianos and Quarter Horses without obvious evidence of the overo pattern. The gene has also been identified in an overo Miniature Horse...We know of no other mutations that are associated with lethal white overo horses. However, owners requesting the diagnostic test should understand that there is the rare possibility that two NN horses could have a lethal white foal due if both the sire and dam carry a mutation at a site other than the one detected by this test. "
It is possible for sabinos and splashed overos, solid colored horses, and apparent Tobianos to carry lethal white. Most likely, it is because these horses have a frame overo in their pedigree somewhere that passed on the overo gene, but it is not showing up in the coat, as often happens with overo. We recommend testing for lethal white to anyone breeding any overo or a horse that looks solid but has overo in its pedigree.
